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1.
Arq. odontol ; 54: 1-8, jan.-dez. 2018. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-996747

ABSTRACT

Aim:This study tested a setup for in vitro experimental analysis of axial forces and torque during the preparation of artificial canals using nickel-titanium reciprocating endodontic files.Methods: The cutting efficiency of Reciproc (RC) and WaveOne (WO) reciprocating size 25/.08 instruments (n = 10) was evaluated, taking into account their dimensional and geometrical features. Measurements of the diameter at each millimeter from the tip, pitch length, helical angle, and cross-sectional design and area were assessed. Cutting efficiency tests were carried out on a specific bench device by measuring the torque and axial force required during artificial canal shaping. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results:The WO samples showed larger A3 mean values than did the RC instruments (p < 0.0001), despite having equal diameters at 3mm from the tip (D3) (p = 0.521). The mean values of pitch length were higher for RC than for WO instruments (p< 0.0001), with consequently smaller helical angles (p < 0.0001). For the cutting efficiency tests, the required torque was lower for the RC group when compared to the WO group, but it was significant only in the first stage of insertion in the artificial canals (p = 0.008). Regarding the apical force, the RC instruments reached higher values when compared to the WO instruments (p = 0.04) in the second stage of cutting action. Conclusion: Reciproc instruments demonstrated statistically higher cutting efficiency when compared to WaveOne instruments.


Objetivo: Este estudo testa uma configuração para análise experimental in vitro de forças axiais e torque durante o preparo de canais artificiais usando instrumentos endodônticos reciprocantes de níquel-titânio. Métodos: Foi avaliada a eficiência de corte dos instrumentos reciprocantes tamanho 25 / 0,08 (n = 10) Reciproc (RC) e WaveOne (WO), levando em consideração suas características dimensionais e geométricas. Medidas do diâmetro a cada milímetro a partir da ponta, comprimento de pitch, ângulo helicoidal e desenho da área transversal e área foram avaliados. Testes de eficiência de corte foram realizados em um dispositivo de bancada específico, medindo-se o torque e a força axial exigidos durante a modelagem de canais artificiais. A análise estatística foi feita com ANOVA one-way (α = 0,05). Resultados: As amostras de WO mostraram valores médios A3 maiores do que os instrumentos RC (p <0,0001), apesar de terem diâmetros iguais a 3 mm da ponta (D3) (p = 0,521). Os valores médios do comprimento do pitch foram maiores para o RC do que para os instrumentos do WO (p < 0,0001), com consequentemente menores ângulos helicoidais (p < 0,0001). Para os testes de eficiência de corte, o torque necessário foi menor para o grupo RC em comparação com o grupo WO, mas significativo apenas no primeiro estágio de inserção nos canais artificiais (p = 0,008). Em relação à força apical, os instrumentos RC alcançaram valores maiores em relação aos instrumentos WO (p = 0,04) no segundo estágio de corte. Conclusão: Os instrumentos Reciproc demonstraram uma eficiência de corte estatisticamente superior em comparação com os instrumentos WaveOne.


Subject(s)
Materials Testing , Torque , Dental Instruments , Dental Pulp Cavity , Endodontics
2.
J. appl. oral sci ; 24(4): 310-316, July-Aug. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-792591

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Torsional overload is a fracture representative parameter for instruments in single-file techniques. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the influence of clinical use, in vivo, on the torsional behavior of Reciproc and WaveOne instruments considering the possibility that they degraded with use. Material and Methods Diameter at each millimeter, pitch length, and area at 3 mm from the tip were determined for both types of instruments. Twenty-four instruments, size 25, 0.08 taper, of each system were divided into two groups (n=12 each): Control Group (CG), in which new Reciproc (RC) and WaveOne Primary (WO) instruments were tested in torsion until rupture based on ISO 3630-1; and Experimental Group (EG), in which each new instrument was clinically used to clean and shape the root canals of one molar. After clinical use, the instruments were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy and subsequently tested in torsion until fracture. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance at a=.05. Results WO instruments showed significantly higher mean values of cross-sectional area A3 (P=0.000) and smaller pitch lengths than RC instruments with no statistically significant differences in the diameter at D3 (P=0.521). No significant differences in torsional resistance between the RC and WO new instruments (P=0.134) were found. The clinical use resulted in a tendency of reduction in the maximum torque of the analyzed instruments but no statistically significant difference was observed between them (P=0.327). During the preparation of the root canals, two fractured RC instruments and longitudinal and transversal cracks in RC and WO instruments were observed through SEM analysis. Conclusion After clinical use, no statistically significant reduction in the torsional resistance was observed.


Subject(s)
Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Dental Instruments , Torsion, Mechanical , Reference Values , Rotation , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Titanium , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Torque , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure , Nickel
3.
Arq. odontol ; 51(1): 7-13, 2015. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-850191

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a resistência à fadiga de instrumentos rotatórios ProTaper Universal após múltiplos usos clínicos com e sem movimento de pressão lateral. Material e Métodos: Trinta conjuntos de instrumentos ProTaper Universal (PTU) (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Suíça), calibres S1, S2, F1 e F2, em um total de 120 instrumentos, foram analisados e divididos em três grupos: Grupo com Pressão Lateral (PL), com 10 conjuntos de instrumentos, cada conjunto usado clinicamente em cinco molares inferiores e superiores (15 a 20 canais) utilizando os instrumentos de formatação com movimento de pressão lateral; e Grupo Sem Pressão Lateral (SPL), com 10 conjuntos de instrumentos, cada conjunto usado clinicamente em cinco molares inferiores e superiores (15 a 20 canais), utilizando os instrumentos de formatação sem movimento de pressão lateral. Os instrumentos dos grupos PL e SPL foram posteriormente testados em fadiga até a ruptura, juntamente com 10 conjuntos de instrumentos novos do Grupo Controle (GC). Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de variância (α = 0,05). Resultados: Múltiplos usos clínicos causaram uma redução na vida em fadiga dos instrumentos analisados. Quando o efeito de se utilizar o movimento de pressão lateral com os instrumentos de formatação foi avaliado, houve uma tendência para o consumo da vida em fadiga ser maior para os instrumentos de S1 e S2 em PL e observou-se o mesmo para os instrumentos F1 e F2 no grupo SPL. Conclusão: O uso do movimento de pressão lateral com os instrumentos PTU S1 e S2 durante a formação de canais radiculares curvos tendeu a diminuir o consumo de vida em fadiga dos instrumentos F1 e F2. Descritores: Endodontia. Tratamento do canal radicular. Instrumentos odontológicos.


Subject(s)
Dental Instruments , Root Canal Therapy/instrumentation , Endodontics , Tensile Strength
4.
Braz. dent. j ; 23(4): 351-356, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-658009

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the protocols of sonic and vacuum irrigation regarding the capacity of debris removal from root canal systems. Canal preparations were carried out on 30 mandibular first molars using the ProTaper Universal System. Teeth were divided into two experimental groups (n=15): Group 1: sonic irrigation and Group 2: vacuum irrigation protocol. Subsequently, the mesial roots were sectioned and observed by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Three independent examiners evaluated images of the apical thirds according to the following scores: 1= small presence of debris, 2= moderate presence of debris, and 3= dense presence of debris. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=0.05). Comparison among the groups revealed that at the apical third, the root halves of Group 1 had significantly less surface debris (p=0.002) than those of Group 2. However, at 2 mm from the working length, Group 2's specimens showed less remaining debris in approximately 75% of the analyzed root canals. At the whole apical third, the sonic irrigation protocol removed significantly more debris than the vacuum protocol. However, in the region at 2 mm from the working length, the second irrigation method demonstrated a better performance.


Este estudo avaliou protocolos de irrigação sônica e a vácuo em relação à capacidade de remoção de debris do sistema de canais radiculares. Trinta primeiros molares mandibulares tiveram seus canais radiculares preparados pela utilização do Sistema ProTaper Universal. Os dentes foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais (n=15): Grupo 1: protocolo de irrigação sônica, e Grupo 2: protocolo de irrigação a vácuo. Posteriormente, as raízes mesiais foram seccionadas e observadas em lupa estereoscópica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Três examinadores independentes avaliaram as imagens do terço apical de acordo com as seguintes pontuações: 1. pequena presença de debris; 2: moderada presença de debris; e 3. densa presença de debris. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes estatísticos ANOVA e Kruskal-Wallis (α=0,05). A comparação entre os grupos revelou que, no terço apical, as hemissecções radiculares do Grupo 1 apresentaram debris remanescentes de forma significativamente menor (p=0,002) do que as do Grupo 2. No entanto, a 2 mm do comprimento de trabalho, as amostras do Grupo 2 mostraram menos debris remanescentes em aproximadamente 75% dos canais radiculares analisados. Considerando todo o terço apical, o protocolo de irrigação sônica removeu significativamente mais debris do que o protocolo de irrigação a vácuo. No entanto, na região a 2 mm do comprimento de trabalho, o segundo método de irrigação demonstrou um melhor desempenho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Pulp Cavity/ultrastructure , Root Canal Irrigants/therapeutic use , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Tooth Apex/ultrastructure , Dentin/ultrastructure , Edetic Acid/administration & dosage , Edetic Acid/therapeutic use , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Microscopy , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Root Canal Irrigants/administration & dosage , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Smear Layer , Sodium Chloride , Sodium Hypochlorite/administration & dosage , Sodium Hypochlorite/therapeutic use , Sonication/instrumentation , Sonication/methods , Therapeutic Irrigation/instrumentation , Therapeutic Irrigation/methods , Vacuum
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139855

ABSTRACT

Aim: To assess the influence of silane evaporation procedures on bond strength between a dental ceramic and a chemically activated resin cement. Materials and Methods: Eighteen blocks (6 mm Χ 14 mm Χ 14 mm) of ceramic IPS Empress 2 were cemented (C and B) to composite resin (InTen-S) blocks using a chemical adhesive system (Lok). Six groups were analyzed, each with three blocks divided according to ceramic surface treatment: two control groups (no treatment, NT; 10% hydrofluoric acid plus silane Monobond-S dried at room temperature, HFS); the other four groups comprised different evaporation patterns (silane rinsed and dried at room temperature, SRT; silane rinsed in boiling water and dried as before, SBRT; silane rinsed with boiling water and heat dried at 50°C, SBH; silane dried at 50 ± 5°C, rinsed in boiling water and dried at room temperature, SHBRT). The cemented blocks were sectioned to obtain specimens for microtensile test 7 days after cementation and were stored in water for 30 days prior to testing. Fracture patterns were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Statistics and Results: All blocks of NT debonded during sectioning. One way ANOVA tests showed higher bond strengths for HFS than for the other groups. SBRT and SBH were statistically similar, with higher bond strengths than SRT and SHBRT. Failures were 100% adhesive in SRT and SHBRT. Cohesive failures within the "adhesive zone" were detected in HFS (30%), SBRT (24%) and SBH (40%). Conclusion: Silane treatment enhanced bond strength in all conditions evaluated, showing best results with HF etching.


Subject(s)
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate , Dental Bonding/methods , Dental Cements/chemistry , Dental Etching/methods , Dental Porcelain , Dental Stress Analysis , Hydrofluoric Acid , Lithium Compounds , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Resin Cements , Self-Curing of Dental Resins , Silanes/chemistry , Surface Properties , Tensile Strength , Volatilization
6.
J. appl. oral sci ; 18(1): 44-49, Jan.-Feb. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-545026

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study identified which regions of ProTaper instruments work during curved root canal instrumentation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve ProTaper instruments of each type, S1, S2, F1, and F2, were assessed morphometrically by measuring tip angle, tip length, tip diameter, length of each pitch along the cutting blades, and instrument diameter at each millimeter from the tip. Curved canals in resin blocks were explored with manual stainless steel files and prepared with ProTaper instruments until the apical end following four distinct sequences of instrumentation: S1; S1 and S2; S1, S2, and F1; S1, S2, F1, and F2. Image analysis was employed for measuring canal diameters. The diameters of the canals and diameters of the instruments were compared. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between the canals and instrument diameters (p>0.05). The largest diameters in the end-point of the instrumented canals were obtained with F1 and F2 instruments and in the initial and middle thirds with S1 and S2 instruments. CONCLUSIONS: All instruments worked at the tip and along their cutting blades, being susceptible to fail by torsion, fatigue, or the combination of these two mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Dental Pulp Cavity , Dental Alloys/chemistry , Equipment Design , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Models, Anatomic , Nickel/chemistry , Photography , Resins, Synthetic , Surface Properties , Stainless Steel/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry
7.
Arq. odontol ; 39(4): 311-320, out.-dez. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-415678

ABSTRACT

A porosidade e a análise foram estudadas através de MO e a análise da fração volumétrica de poros, através de um analisador digital de imagens acoplados ao MO, para uma liga do sistema Ag-Pd. Os corpos de prova (em forma de Moeda e MOD), foram incluídos sob pressão, utilizando dois tipos de revestimentos (aglutinado por gesso e fosfato) e três fontes caloríficas (GLP/ar, GLP/oxigênio e máquina de indução). A porosidade esteve presente em todos os corpos de prova, concentrando-se sempre na região próxima ao canal de alimentação


Subject(s)
Dental Alloys/adverse effects , Dental Casting Investment/adverse effects , Dental Casting Technique , Dental Impression Materials , Porosity
8.
Arq. odontol ; 38(3): 239-252, 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-405585

ABSTRACT

A composição química de uma liga do sistema Ag-Pd, foi analisada no MEV, através de EDS. Padrões de cera em forma de Moeda e MOD, foram incluídos utilizando-se dois revestimentos (aglutinado por gesso e fosfato) e após os tratamentos térmicos, fundidos por três análise da fontes caloríficas (maçaricos: GLP/ar; GLP/oxigênio e máquina de indução). A composição química mostrou-se homogênea, indicando não haver interação com os revestimentos, mas susceptível a máquina de indução, que provocou perda por volatização do in


Subject(s)
Dental Alloys , Dental Casting Technique
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